3Jakarta, Indonesia
Jakarta, the capital of Indonesia, is notorious for its poor air quality, traffic congestion, and waste management issues. The city’s rapid urban expansion has outpaced its infrastructure, leading to severe environmental degradation. Vehicle emissions and industrial pollutants contribute to high levels of air pollution, while inadequate waste collection results in large amounts of litter clogging streets and waterways. Flooding is a frequent problem in Jakarta, exacerbated by poor drainage systems and the accumulation of plastic and other waste in the city’s canals and rivers.
