7Lagos, Nigeria
As one of Africa’s largest and fastest-growing cities, Lagos struggles with managing the environmental consequences of rapid urbanization. Waste management is a critical issue, with open dumping and illegal landfills becoming common in and around the city. Lagos generates over 10,000 tons of waste daily, much of which is not properly collected or disposed of. Air pollution is another pressing concern, driven by vehicle emissions, industrial activities, and the burning of waste. The city’s waterways and coastal areas are also heavily polluted, particularly with plastic waste.