2Manila, Philippines
Manila faces a range of environmental challenges, including air and water pollution, poor waste management, and overcrowding. The Pasig River, once a vital waterway, is now considered one of the world’s most polluted rivers, filled with industrial waste, plastic, and sewage. Air pollution in Manila is primarily caused by vehicle emissions and industrial activities, with the city often experiencing smog and poor air quality. The lack of adequate waste disposal facilities has led to the proliferation of open dumpsites and illegal landfills, creating unsanitary living conditions for many of the city’s residents.
