4Cairo, Egypt

Cairo, one of the largest cities in Africa and the Middle East, faces severe environmental issues, particularly with air and water pollution. The city’s reliance on fossil fuels for energy, combined with heavy traffic and industrial activity, leads to consistently poor air quality.

  Dust storms from the surrounding desert exacerbate the problem, adding to the particulate matter in the air. Cairo also struggles with waste management, as many areas of the city are littered with garbage due to inadequate collection and disposal systems. The Nile River, which runs through the city, is heavily polluted with industrial waste and sewage.

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